Angina is a condition characterised by chest pain or discomfort due to reduced blood flow to the heart muscle. Managing angina involves not only medical treatment but also lifestyle changes, particularly in diet and exercise. This article delves into how these lifestyle modifications can help alleviate angina symptoms and improve heart health, highlighting the role of medications in conjunction with these changes.

What is Angina?

Angina occurs when the heart muscle doesn't get enough oxygen-rich blood. This can cause chest pain, pressure, or discomfort, often triggered by physical exertion or stress. There are two main types of angina: stable angina, which follows a predictable pattern, and unstable angina, which is more unpredictable and severe.

Angina is often a symptom of coronary artery disease (CAD), where the coronary arteries become narrowed or blocked by plaque buildup. Symptoms include chest pain or discomfort, shortness of breath, nausea, fatigue, and dizziness.

The Role of Diet in Managing Angina

1. Heart-Healthy Diet

A heart-healthy diet is crucial for managing angina. Such a diet focuses on foods that promote cardiovascular health and reduce the risk of atherosclerosis (plaque buildup in the arteries).

2. Fruits and Vegetables

Rich in vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants, fruits and vegetables help reduce inflammation and oxidative stress, which can benefit heart health. Aim for a colourful variety to ensure a wide range of nutrients.

3. Whole Grains

Whole grains like oats, brown rice, and whole wheat bread provide fiber, which can help lower cholesterol levels and improve heart health. Fiber also aids in maintaining healthy blood sugar levels.

4. Lean Proteins

Incorporate lean proteins such as fish, chicken, beans, and legumes. Fish, especially fatty fish like salmon and mackerel, are high in omega-3 fatty acids, which have been shown to reduce the risk of heart disease.

5. Healthy Fats

Healthy fats, including those found in avocados, nuts, seeds, and olive oil, can help reduce bad cholesterol levels and improve heart health. Avoid trans fats and limit saturated fats found in red meat and full-fat dairy products.

6. Low Sodium Intake

Reducing sodium intake is important to manage blood pressure, a key factor in managing angina. Avoid processed foods high in sodium and opt for fresh, whole foods with natural flavours.

7. Limit Added Sugars

A high intake of added sugars can lead to weight gain and an increased risk of heart disease. Limit sugary drinks, sweets, and processed foods high in added sugars.

How Does Exercise Help in Managing Angina?

Regular physical activity can help improve heart health, reduce the frequency and severity of angina symptoms, and enhance overall well-being. Exercise helps to improve circulation, strengthen the heart muscle, and manage risk factors such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and obesity.

1. Aerobic Exercise

Aerobic exercises such as walking, jogging, swimming, and cycling are particularly beneficial for heart health. Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise per week.

2. Strength Training

Strength training exercises help build muscle mass and improve metabolism. Incorporate strength training exercises at least two days per week.

3. Flexibility and Balance

Incorporating flexibility and balance exercises such as yoga and tai chi can improve overall fitness and reduce stress, which is beneficial for heart health.

When To Consult Your Doctor?

Before starting any exercise program, it’s important to consult with your healthcare provider to ensure it’s safe, especially if you have been diagnosed with angina or other heart conditions.

1. Start Slow

If you’re new to exercise, start slow and gradually increase the intensity and duration of your workouts. Listen to your body and avoid overexertion.

2. Warm Up and Cool Down

Always include a warm-up and cool-down phase in your exercise routine to prepare your body for physical activity and prevent injury.

3. Monitor Symptoms

Pay attention to your symptoms during exercise. If you experience chest pain, shortness of breath, dizziness, or excessive fatigue, stop exercising and seek medical advice.

Integrating Diet, Exercise, and Medication

Medications such as Ecosprin 75mg Tablet (Aspirin) play a crucial role in managing angina by reducing blood clot formation and improving blood flow to the heart. It’s important to take prescribed medications as directed and discuss any concerns or side effects with your healthcare provider.

Combining a heart-healthy diet, regular exercise, and medication management provides a comprehensive approach to managing angina. These lifestyle modifications can work synergistically to improve heart health and reduce the frequency and severity of angina symptoms.

Final Notes

Educating patients about the importance of diet, exercise, and medication adherence is crucial for effective angina management. Healthcare providers should offer resources and support to help patients make informed decisions about their health.

Consultation with healthcare professionals and ongoing education are essential components of successful angina management.